Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

GC-MS analysis of essential oil from Anethum graveolens L (dill) seeds extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide

Hongbo Li^1-3, Wei Zhou³, Yongshuai Hu⁴, Haizhen Mo³, Jinshui Wang¹, Liangbin Hu³

¹College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001; ²Postdoctoral Research Base; ³School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003; ⁴College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.

For correspondence:- Liangbin Hu Email: lihongbo@hist.edu.cn

Accepted: 23 May 2019 Published: 30 June 2019

Citation: Li H, Zhou W, Hu Y, Mo H, Wang J, Hu L. GC-MS analysis of essential oil from Anethum graveolens L (dill) seeds extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide. Trop J Pharm Res 2019; 18(6):1291-1296 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v18i6.21

© 2019 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To conduct gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis of the chemical compositions of dill seed essential oil (DSEO) obtained by supercritical CO₂.

Methods: The impact on extraction yield were examined by single factor test, the particle size of dill seed, extraction temperature, time, pressure, as well as CO₂ flux. The best extraction conditions were obtained by an orthogonal test. The chemical configurations of essential oil were examined by GC-MS analysis.

Results: The optimal extraction conditions included an extraction time of 120 min, particle size of 60 mesh, CO₂ flow of 25 L/h, temperature of 40 ^oC, and pressure of 20 MPa. Under these conditions, the yield of essential oil was 6.7 %. Out of 38 recognized compounds, the main ones were D-carvone (40.36 %), D-limonene (19.31 %), apiol (17.50 %), α-pinene (6.43 %), 9-octadecenoic acid (9.00 %) as well as 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (2.44 %).

Conclusion: A total of 38 constituents of the essential oil obtained by supercritical CO₂ were identified. The findings may provide a theoretical basis for comprehensive utilization of dill seed essential oil (DSEO) from China.

Keywords: Dill seeds, Essential oil, Supercritical CO2 extraction, D-Carvone, D-Limonene, Apiol, ^5;-Pinene, 9-Octadecenoic acid